Shawn, of course you can edge joint with a table saw using the methods above. You can also edge joint with hand planes a router or a guided circular saw. A novel method is to run a circular saw down an imperfect joint of two boards butted together. This prepares both boards at the same time.
I have a neighbor woodworker who does a lot of glued-up panels and he gets great joints on his cabinet saw with a premium blade. Once he figured out how to do this he sold his jointer.
I use a Festool circular saw with guides for wavy edges on hardwood, then touch them up on a jointer. I also use the jointer for truing up the face sides even though this could be done with a lunch box planer and sled.
We each learn to work within the space we have available, the tools we have available and the finances we have available.
Over the past couple of years I have been disposing of large power tools to free up shop space. Along with this I have been learning new methods and have found this to be quite rewarding.