There is really no standard.
Personally, I build my own blast gates, so that solves one problem.
Otherwise, to get various things to fit together, there are a few options:
1) PVC can be easily heated to compress or stretch it. Do this outside with a heatgun. Once hot, you can stretch it around what you want, or compress it (with a hose clamp).
2) Flex duct will stretch to a degree, especially if you carefully snip the wire a few inches back from the end, and excise it from the plastic
3) There are some interesting fittings that you can make/adapt from plumbing fittings. For instance, I've found that the outside of a S&D coupler will fit tightly inside a SCH40 coupler
4) Ferco couplers (the rubber things with hose clamps you get for plumbing) also work very well for adapting!