Actually most stairs are shallower today than the average stair in American Victorian and Arts & Crafts houses from 1850 through 1930. I agree the "cottage stair" was shallower, but it was not the common. Gone are the days with the steep winder stair. The low headroom & steep stair to the basement, the coal room, and the octopus furnace. Part of my architectural career was specializing in historic preservation including many National Trust buildings. Stairs today are generally more safe than those in the past. Of course any individual stair may differ.
In studying historic buildings, the stairs with the "best" stairs were public buildings and buildings / houses for entertaining. My 1920's craftsman had steep stairs with narrow treads going to the upstairs and those going down to the basement. The old "four square" farmhouses had steep stairs to keep the opening from interfering with the room layout. None of these can be built that way today.
I agree that most designs today could be made with better stairs by merely adding one more tread and one more riser.
Shawn
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