What others have said about wire gauge, size, amps, is all correct. I'm going to make two comments to the quote above.
(1) 3% voltage loss occurs at (nearly) 50' for each max amperage-min wire gauge specification. Ie., 15A in a 14g, 20A in 12g, etc. each reach the 3% voltage at or just past 50 feet (IIRC, 50-65'). I'm not sure what the 100' refers to, but the fine print note in the actual NEC refers to 3% voltage drop.
(2) I'm not sure what is leading you to conclude that WW tools (motors) do not have the same startup loads/impact that a well pump does. My well pump is actually much better (less load and/or less noticeable impact) than most of my WW tools. I use only one tool at a time with DC on a separate circuit. When I fire up the bandsaw, the light dim. That doesn't happen with the well pump. Both well pumps and WW tools contain large motors and the startup current calculations are based on factors with no differentiation between the motor for a well pump and a motor for anything else. I write this is sincerely as possible and am curious as to what has lead to your conclusion.