36" is in the range of canes too. It's possible to join the pieces after they've been turned separately. I did it once. I used a piece of all thread on the inside and a copper collar on the outside to reinforce the joint. There are also screw together kits you can buy. I haven't tried those yet.
A lot depends on the accuracy of the lathe (and the turner) for good results.
If you're making canes on a regular basis I'd recommend getting a lathe that is at least 36" between centers.
Some will argue differently but I don't believe any spindle with a joint in it will be as strong as a solid one-piece spindle.
Rodney