Everytime you buy a tool or anything else for that matter these four items will always come into play. The first thing is usually how much money can I spend and what do I need.
You start to figure out your budget and your needs. This could take 5 seconds or 5 months or more but eventually you decide on a budget and the needs you require. You will then start looking at different machines. You are looking to find the machine that matches your need for the right price. As you go through this, your needs and budgets can fluctuate.
I think this is where you are John. It doesn't really matter what any of us has to say except for providing you with good information. It is really how you decide what weight each of your needs has for you and the budget you have set.
Based on my limited knowledge of what you are asking and your special circumstance of being a surgeon, my guess is safety is a very high priority, followed closely by performance. I have no idea what your budget is but I break down tablesaws into four categories:
Contractor(300-1k), Cabinet(750-4k), Euro sliders(4k-10k), combos (7.5K - ??). They also go up in price accordingly.
If you are looking for safety, I think (strictly my opinion) the best you will get is the Euro sliders. Your hands are no where near the blades and the nature of the machanics greatly decreases kickback. The next safest is probably the Sawstop. I am not looking at adding additional machines such as a power feeder but that is yet another consideration. Of course this is always assuming you use safe and proper techniques for each machine. Even with all the proper and safe techniques, accidents do happen.
As you move closer to a buying decision you are going to rethink the costs, the risks and what you really need. For me, I started with a contractor saw (first tool on a budget.) I have since upgraded and I always thought I would wait and upgrade to a Sawstop but budget just didn't allow. I now have a left tilt Unisaw (with some incentives it was a third of the price of a Sawstop.) When (notice not if) I upgrade again I will have to re-evaluate my needs (have I gone into semi retirement and am now building furniture, or small boxes or turning more pieces) and make a decision. The decision may be to stay with what I have............nah If I had unlimited space and budget I would be shopping for sliders and or combos.
I hope this helps. Gather the information and make the right decision for you.
Regards,
Jeff