Depending on how tenacious the material being worked is at sticking to the teeth.
My old tooth brushes are often used.
A cheap paint brush for the easy stuff. Chip brushes are those inexpensive brushes available at many stores. One of mine has had the handle sanded and clear coated. The bristles were cut to about 3/4". It is great for cleaning debris from planes, files and rasps.
Next is a plastic vegetable brush. Mine has a handle on the backside to fit around a couple fingers. Its bristles have also been shortened.
Not long ago a new suede brush was found at an estate sale for a dollar. It has plastic bristles interspersed in the center with brass bristles.
Also the brass bristle brushes available at welding supply and other metal working retailers are used on the toughest to remove particles.
Finally a fine pointed awl is sometimes needed to pick stuck pieces out of individual teeth.
My two Auriou rasps are 13 & 15 grain. The 15 grain often leaves a surface smoother than 200 grit sandpaper.
My roughest rasp is a Disston maybe about a 10 and a Nicholson #59 pattern maker's rasp.
jtk